Which cultural movement in Europe, spanning from the 14th to the 17th century, is known for a revival of classical art and literature?

The Renaissance, which flourished in Europe from the 14th to the 17th centuries, is renowned for its revival of classical art and literature inspired by the civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome. This period marked a significant transformation in European culture, emphasizing humanism, individualism, and a renewed interest in classical knowledge. Artists and thinkers sought to explore and innovate based on the philosophical and artistic achievements of antiquity, leading to groundbreaking advancements in various fields such as visual arts, literature, science, and philosophy.

During this time, figures such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Shakespeare emerged, demonstrating the period's commitment to exploring human experience, beauty, and the natural world. The Renaissance not only celebrated the aesthetics and themes of ancient works but also encouraged a critical, questioning approach to knowledge and education that would lay the groundwork for modern thought.

Other movements mentioned, such as Mannerism and Baroque, follow the Renaissance timeline and are characterized by their distinct artistic styles and philosophies, but they do not embody the same foundational revival of classical ideals that defines the Renaissance. The Enlightenment, while also a crucial period in European history promoting reason and scientific thought, comes later and focuses more on philosophy and political theory rather than a direct revival